German Pronouns
27 words.
German pronouns change form depending on their grammatical case. Ihn is the accusative form of him, used for a direct object; ihm is the dative form, used for an indirect object, roughly 'to him.'
Ich bin müde.
I am tired.
Bist du fertig?
Are you ready?
Er ist mein Bruder.
He is my brother.
Sie wohnt in Wien.
She lives in Vienna.
Es regnet.
It is raining.
Wir gehen ins Kino.
We are going to the cinema.
Kommt ihr mit?
Are you all coming along?
Sie leben in Berlin.
They live in Berlin.
Können Sie mir helfen?
Can you help me?
Das ist mein Auto.
That is my car.
Ist das dein Buch?
Is that your book?
Das ist sein Hund.
That is his dog.
Das ist ihr Haus.
That is her house.
Das ist unser Garten.
That is our garden.
Ist das euer Auto?
Is that your car?
Er wäscht sich.
He washes himself.
Dieser Mantel ist warm.
This coat is warm.
Jenes Haus dort ist alt.
That house over there is old.
Man spricht hier Deutsch.
One speaks German here.
Ich brauche etwas Wasser.
I need some water.
Ich habe nichts gesagt.
I said nothing.
Jemand hat angerufen.
Someone called.
Niemand ist zu Hause.
No one is home.
Alle sind da.
Everyone is here.
Wer ist das?
Who is that?
Was machst du?
What are you doing?
Welche Farbe magst du?
Which color do you like?
Ihn vs. Ihm: Direct Object vs. Indirect Object
Mein Hund mag ihn (My dog likes him) uses the accusative ihn because 'him' directly receives the liking. Sie gibt ihm ein Buch (She gives him a book) uses the dative ihm because 'him' is who the book goes to, not what's being given.
Sie, sie, and Sie: One Spelling, Three Meanings
Lowercase sie means 'she' or 'they,' decided by context and the verb form around it. Capitalized Sie means the formal 'you,' used with strangers and in professional settings, and always takes the same verb form as 'they.'
Frequently Asked Questions
What's the difference between ihn and ihm?+
Ihn is accusative, used for a direct object, as in 'likes him.' Ihm is dative, used for an indirect object, as in 'gives to him.'
How do I know if sie means she, they, or you?+
Capitalization and context: Sie (capitalized) always means formal 'you.' Lowercase sie means 'she' with a singular verb or 'they' with a plural verb.
Why does formal Sie use plural verb forms for one person?+
Sie is grammatically the third-person-plural form repurposed as a polite address, so it keeps the plural verb and possessive forms even for a single listener.
How do I practice German pronouns?+
Select the pronouns you want on this page, then start Flashcards, Multiple Choice, or a Final Test from the bar at the bottom.
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